Studying and investigating the application ofrobotics in the medical industry with a focus onsurgery

Robotics is a branch of engineering that involves the conception, design, manufacture and operationof robots. The objective of the robotics field is to create intelligent machines that can assist humans ina variety of ways. Robotics can take on a number of forms. While the field of robotics and explorationof the potential uses and functionality of robots have grown substantially in the ۲۰th century, the ideais certainly not a new one. Robotic surgery and telepresence surgery effectively addressed thelimitations of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic procedures, thus revolutionizing minimal access surgery.Robotic surgery is expected to continue to comprise a growing part of surgery. It is envisaged that“almost all surgery can and will be performed by robotic surgery in the future.” Thus, robotic surgerywill not only require special training; it will also change the existing surgical training pattern andreshape the learning curve of residents by offering new solutions, such as robotic surgical simulatorsand robotic telementoring. The field of General Surgery with its multiple sub‐specialties hasexperienced the progression of minimally invasive procedures performed with the robotic technologysince the last decade. The robotic applications are extensive and have contributed to the enrichmentof the surgical sub‐specialties based on advantages such as increased surgeon control and autonomy,superior instrument dexterity and tissue handling, improved three‐dimensional visualization, wristedarticulation, all of this despite the lack of haptic feedback. The sub‐specialties of Colorectal,Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic, Gastric Oncologic, Bariatric, Foregut, Pediatric, Endocrine, and HerniaSurgery, in addition to General Surgery as the principal specialty, have produced several high‐qualityrandomized controlled trials, meta‐analyses, prospective and retrospective series which haveestablished, in many instances, superior results to those of laparoscopy, and at least non‐inferioroutcomes over the years.