Second-Hand Smoke Exposure at Home in the United States; Minorities’ Diminished Returns
محل انتشار: مجله پزشکی سفر و بهداشت جهانی، دوره: 7، شماره: 4
سال انتشار: 1398
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 108
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_IJTMGH-7-4_005
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 7 تیر 1402
چکیده مقاله:
Introduction: Educational attainment and poverty status are two strong socioeconomic status (SES) indicators that protect individuals against exposure to second-hand smoke. Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs), however, refer to smaller protective effects of SES indicators among ethnic minority groups such as Hispanics and Blacks, compared to non-Hispanic Whites. This study explored ethnic differences in the effects of educational attainment and poverty status on second-hand smoke exposure in the homes of American adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included ۱۸,۲۷۴ non-smoking adults who had participated in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH; ۲۰۱۳). The independent variables were educational attainment and poverty status. The dependent variable was second-hand smoke exposure at home. Age and region of residence were the covariates. Ethnicity was the moderator. Results: Overall, individuals with a higher educational attainment (odds ratio [OR] = ۰.۷۶, ۹۵% CI = ۰.۷۴-۰.۷۹) and those who lived out of poverty (OR = ۰.۵۶, ۹۵% CI =۰.۵۱-۰.۶۲) had lower odds of second-hand smoke exposure at home. Hispanic ethnicity showed significant interactions with both SES indicators, suggesting that the protective effects of education and poverty on second-hand smoke exposure at home are smaller for Hispanics (ORs for interaction with education and poverty status = ۱.۳۰ and ۱.۲۶, P < ۰.۰۵) than for Non-Hispanics. Conclusion: In the US, high SES Hispanics remain at high risk of exposure to second-hand smoke at home despite a high education and income. High SES better reduces environmental exposures for non-Hispanic than for Hispanic individuals.
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نویسندگان
Shervin Assari
Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA
Mohsen Bazargan
Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, USA
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