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Outbreak of Wilderness/Backcountry/Travelers’ Diarrhea at a Himalayan Base Camp at ۴۰۰۰ m/۱۳,۱۲۵ ft

محل انتشار: مجله پزشکی سفر و بهداشت جهانی، دوره: 6، شماره: 1
سال انتشار: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 97

فایل این مقاله در 5 صفحه با فرمت PDF قابل دریافت می باشد

استخراج به نرم افزارهای پژوهشی:

لینک ثابت به این مقاله:
https://civilica.com/doc/1689326

شناسه ملی سند علمی:

JR_IJTMGH-6-1_005

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 17 تیر 1402

چکیده مقاله:

Introduction: Wilderness or backcountry diarrhea is a type of travelers’ diarrhea commonly caused by Cryptosporidium and Giardia, which can survive freezing temperatures. Campsites pose additional risks worldwide, irrespective of developing or developed regions, due to inadequate hygiene. Methods: In a first of its kind, an outbreak of wilderness diarrhea at a semi-permanent Himalayan Base Camp at ۴۰۰۰ m/۱۳,۱۲۵ ft in Uttarkashi, India, was investigated and managed by empirical antimicrobials. Return of normal bowel function was considered as primary outcome, and return to routine training at Base Camp was considered secondary outcome. Results: Sixty-two personnel presented with wilderness diarrhea of ۵.۵۸ days mean duration with onset after mean stay of ۱۰.۲۶ days, despite provisions for adequate camp hygiene and sanitation. Both primary and secondary outcomes were reached by all except three students who were evacuated on foot to the district referral hospital ۵۶ km downhill from Base Camp. Hygiene was compromised due to cold weather/water. Epidemiological surveillance was not contributory. Conclusion: Wilderness diarrhea can present in outbreak proportions from formerly safe water sources due to variable microbial contamination. On-site diagnostics and management are required to control outbreaks of wilderness diarrhea. Traveler risk management strategies and traveler awareness/education can be a targeted mandatory intervention to enhance preparedness and resilience capital in outdoor and mountain environments.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diarrhea ، Travelers’ Diarrhea ، Wilderness Diarrhea ، Outbreak ، Himalayas ، High Altitude

نویسندگان

Inam Danish Khan

Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Army College of Medical Sciences and Base Hospital, New Delhi, India

VK Sashindran

Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India

Gurpreet Singh Sandhu

Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India

Shazia Khan

INHS Kalyani, Vishakhapatnam, India

KS Rajmohan

Army College of Medical Sciences and Base Hospital, New Delhi, India

Ashwani Kumar Pandey

Army College of Medical Sciences and Base Hospital, New Delhi, India

Rahul Pandey

Armed Forces Clinic, New Delhi, India

Rajvinder Singh

Pension Paying Office, Dharan, Nepal

Ajay Kumar Sahni

Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India

Rajiv Mohan Gupta

Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India

Manish Ranjan

ESI Hospital Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India

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