Nanotechnology , Cooling techniques for PV panel

Nanotechnology is the ability to create new materials, tools, and systems by controlling at the molecular and atomic levels and leveraging the properties that appear on their surfaces. From this simple definition, we can see that nanotechnology is not a new field, but a new approach in all fields. Applications for nanotechnology include everything from food, medicine, medical diagnostics and biotechnology to electronics, computers, communications, transportation, energy, the environment, materials, aerospace and national security. However, due to some limitations caused by sedimentation, erosion, clogging, and high pressure descent, this technique has not been put to practical use. The essence of improving the heat transfer of a fluid containing a small number of nanoparticles is to increase the thermal conductivity and turbulence through the suspended nanoparticles. Functional materials are composed of particles with at least one dimension less than ۱۰۰ nanometers (nm) and can be classified into organic and inorganic materials. The former is composed of carbon nanotubes, graphite and nanofibers.. Nanofluids are classified as artificial colloids that have the potential to replace next-generation heat transfer media , the latter consisting of aluminum, zinc, copper, iron, aluminum oxide, iron oxide and titanium oxide.