Analyzing Science and Innovation-Related Indicators and Their Relationship with COVID-۱۹ Pandemic Control Using Statistical and Machine Learning Experiments

Background and aims: The COVID-۱۹ outbreak was one of many global illnesses and wasdeclared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. When the pandemic was announced,scientific research and innovations were swiftly proposed, created, and carried out worldwide tomanage the disease. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether these scientific research and innovationswere effective in helping countries control the COVID-۱۹ pandemic. The purpose of this articleis to address this question.Method: This study aims to determine if the level of science and innovation in a country, measuredby H-index and GII_Score, can predict the effectiveness of controlling the COVID-۱۹ pandemic.Data were collected from ۱۰۲ countries in ۲۰۲۰ and ۲۰۲۱, including COVID-۱۹ deathand case numbers, test ratios, case fatality ratio (CFR), and test positivity ratio (TPR). H indexand GII_Score were obtained in ۲۰۲۰ using SCImago and WIPO. The data was analyzed usingPython ۳.۹.Results: The study’s results showed a significant and decreasing correlation between GII_Scoreand TPR (P-value < ۰.۰۰۱, r=-۰.۳۷), as well as GII_Score and CFR (P-value < ۰.۰۰۱, r=-۰.۴۰).Additionally, there was a significant and decreasing correlation between H-index and TPR (P-value< ۰.۰۱۶, r=-۰.۲۳), as well as H-index and CFR (P-value < ۰.۰۰۵, r=-۰.۲۷). Moreover, theK-means algorithm categorized countries into three clusters, and the study obtained the averageH-index, GII_Score, TPR, and CFR values for each cluster.Conclusion: This study examined the relationship between innovation and scientific indicators ofcountries and COVID-۱۹ control. The study found that countries with higher GII_Score and H-indexin ۲۰۲۰ had better COVID-۱۹ control in ۲۰۲۱. The K-means algorithm clustered countriesbased on innovation and scientific indicators, and countries in the group with the highest indicatorshad lower CFR and TPR. The study suggests investing in innovation and scientific researchcan help control pandemics, and governments should have a coherent plan to guide innovationtoward crisis resolution.