Development and Implementation of Wearable Sensors for Early Detection and Monitoring of Neurological Disorders

Introduction:Movement, balance, and coordination can be impaired by neurological illnesses,including Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis, creating obstacles to daily life. These conditionscan be detected and monitored earlier with the help of wearable sensors. The purpose ofthis literature review was to assess the present status of studies examining the feasibility of usingwearable sensors to detect and monitor neurological illnesses at an early stage.Methods:We used online databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, to conduct a comprehensiveliterature search. Inclusion criteria included research on the effectiveness of wearablesensors for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases in people. Sensor type, systemaccuracy, and clinical applicability were the major measures of success.Results:۳۲ studies were included in the analysis. Some studies used electromyography (EMG)sensors to detect muscle activity and electroencephalography (EEG) sensors to assess brain activity,although inertial measurement units (IMUs) were the most common method of capturingmovement data. These sensors were incorporated into a wide variety of wearables, includingwatches, bracelets, and even some articles of clothing. System accuracy was seen to be between۷۰% and ۹۹%, with some systems demonstrating higher accuracy than standard clinical evaluations.Monitoring illness progression, evaluating therapy efficacy, and providing real-time feedbackto patients were all used to prove the systems’ therapeutic usefulness.Conclusion:Data gathered from wearable sensors may prove useful in the diagnosis and trackingof neurological illnesses. Inertial measurement units (IMUs), electromyography (EMG), andelectroencephalography (EEG) sensors all collect information about movement. Wearable devicesthat incorporate these sensors can be discrete, portable, and simple to operate. The precisionand reliability of illness monitoring can be increased with the help of wearable sensors, since theycan give objective measures unaffected by human influences. More extensive clinical trials arerequired, however, to prove the systems’ clinical efficacy and cost-efficiency.