Effect of resistance training on FTO and PPAR-y genes expression in muscle tissue of obese diabetic rats.

Purpose: It has been well proven that type ۲ diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases leading to many complications and mortality every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on FTO and PPAR-y gene expression in muscle tissue of obese diabetic rats. Study design: This experimental study was performed on ۱۲ male Wistar rats (۱۰ weeks old and ۲۲۰±۲۰ g bodyweight). Methods: Animals received ۶ weeks high-fat diet and then in order to induce type ۲ diabetes an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of ۳۰ mg/kg freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) (Sigma, USA) solved in citrate buffer (pH ۴.۵) was performed. Diabetic rats were divided into two (Resistance and control) groups randomly. The resistance program included ۶ weeks, ۵ sessions per week. The muscle expression of FTO and PPAR-γ was measured using the real-time PCR method. Independent t-test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were applied to compare the means. Results: The muscle mRNA expression of PPAR-γ and body weight significantly increased after ۶ weeks of resistance training (p=۰.۰۳۱, p=۰.۰۳۷; respectively) but there was no significant change in the muscle mRNA expression of FTO (p=۰.۳۱۷). Also, blood glucose significantly decreased in the training group compared to the control group (p=۰.۰۱). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be noted that ۶-week resistance training by decreasing glucose levels and increases insulin sensitivity, and the muscle expression of PPAR-γ plays a prominent role in the control and treatment of type ۲ diabetes in obese patients.‎