Evaluation of Vascular Injuries Caused by Trauma, Surgery and Complications

Background: Treatment of traumatic vascular lesions requires accurate and rapid diagnosis. Improper treatment and loss of time may lead to loss of limbs, or lives due to ischemia. This study aimed to evaluate various surgical methods used to treat vascular injuries.Methods:  This Cross-sectional study included all trauma patients referred to Shohada-e-Ashayer hospital, Khorramabad, Iran, and Shaheed Chamran hospital, Boroujerd, Iran, with vascular injury from ۲۰۱۵ to ۲۰۱۹. Demographic characteristics, duration of surgery, complications of the vascular injury, mechanism of vascular injury, type of vascular injury, location, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and vital signs were assessed.Results: Overall, ۲۳۳ patients with a mean age of ۲۹.۱۵ ± ۱۱.۸ years (maximum ۷۸ years and a minimum two years) and a male to female ratio of ۲۰: ۱ were included. Six patients (۲۵.۸%) were treated via venous graft and ۱۱ cases (۴.۷%) by arterial ligation. Six cases (۲.۶%) with minor arterial injury were treated without surgical intervention. The artery was completely were removed in ۱۳۵ patients (۹.۵۷%) and partialy in ۸۳ cases (۶.۳۵%). Arterial thrombosis were seen in ۷۰ cases (۳۰%), intimal flap in ۱۴ cases (۶%), vascular spasm in ۴ cases (۷.۱%), crush injury in ۴ cases (۷.۱%), arterial fistula in ۱ patient (۴.۰%), and deep vein thrombosis were seen in ۳ cases (۱/۳ %).Conclusion: Vascular injury following penetrating trauma occurs more commonly in young ages. However, the rate of vascular damage was higher in the arteries than in veins. The type of surgical treatment and side effects of treating vascular injuries vary depending on the type, site, severity, and other parameters (age, gender , etc.) associated with the trauma.