The relation between the NOS۲ immunity gene expression with the possibility of Alzheimer’s occurrence

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most widespread neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in elderly people. The major pathological hallmarks of AD include the presence of extracellular plaques formed of deposited amyloid-beta (Aβ), intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of abnormally phosphorylated tau protein and neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation involves secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators by activated glial cells. During inflammation, Nitric Oxide (NO) synthesis by iNOS is considered to be a major contributor to oxidative stress-associated neurodegeneration. NOS۲ expression by activated microglia and astrocytes results in high levels of NO production. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible association of NOS۲ gene expression with Alzheimer’s disease occurrence. In this case-control study, the blood samples were collected from AD patients and control subjects. RNAs were extracted with Trizol reagent. The Oligo۷ software was used to design specific primers for NOS۲ gene. RNAs were reversely-transcribed into cDNA. Real-time PCR were performed to calculate expression levels of interest gene. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS and GraphPad Prism software(s). According to previous studies, it is expected that NOS۲ gene will have increased expression in Alzheimer’s disease which our primary results confirm this so far. Our findings may help to explain the underlying molecular mechanism of AD and may show a molecular marker of the AD early diagnosis.