Investigating the chemical composition and antimicrobialproperties of Essential oil of Chaerophyllum macrospermum

Available essences in aromatic plants are an important class of natural compounds with differentpharmacological properties, including antimicrobial properties. There are also different types of Chaerophyllumcontaining essence. Chaerophyllum includes: ۳۰ types which ۸ types are available in Iran floor and two types ofthem (Chaerophyllum nival and Chaerophyllum khorassanicum) are the natives of Iran. The goal of thisresearch is identification and observation of compounds in essence of Chaerophyllum macrospermum plantroots and shoots, antimicrobial effects of essence on five species of Gram-positive and negative bacteria.Observed plant was collected and dried in Disin(Gajereh) district in Kandovan region in June۲۰۰۸. Then theessence was observed through water distillation by Clevenger and recognized by GC connected to a massdetector and the components were recognized. To observe the antimicrobial properties plate technique was usedand tested on number of G + and G – pathogen bacteria such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhi. In observed plant, leaves and stems didn ’t haveany essence, but it could be found in the root and in total of ۱۹ combinations, %۹۳.۱۲ showed total root essenceof compounds. Among root essence combinations, octadecanoic with %۴۹/۷۱, hexadecanoic acid with %۹/۹,۱,۸- Cineol with %۹/۴۹ and Veridifelol were among the main combinations. The results showed theantimicrobial effects of essence of this plant on ۵ bacteria. In plate method, the maximum diameter, lack ofgrowth about Chaerophyllum macrospermum is related to the clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus which is۱۳ millilitres. Results of this research indicated that the plant extract has weaker effects compared with standardantibiotics. Comparison of other studies and tests on this spice showed: most of essence ingredients wereMonoterpene and sesquiterpene, but type of combination was different. Weak antimicrobial effect of this plantcan also be due to high levels of compounds called alicyclic while its inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureusbacteria can be due to amounts of α -pinene and Spathulenol.