Application of FPGA in wireless sensor networks

A sensor network is a set of parts that are connected within a network under study. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a collection of these components with wireless communication capabilities. These networks have many applications such as; image processing, industrial and home automation, telemedicine and robotics. But the most important challenge in these parts is energy consumption, because replacing or charging batteries in a set of sensors in some cases is associated with many challenges due to environmental conditions. Another challenge in this field is reducing the amount of sending and receiving information, which consumes a large amount of stored power in addition to filling the bandwidth. Therefore, all the components used in these networks should have optimal power consumption so that a WSN has the longest working time, hence a platform such as FPGA with the re-configurability and parallel processing is a suitable and high-performance candidate in this network. Therefore, in this paper, it has been tried to examine the power challenge and other challenges in wireless sensor network that have been overcome by using FPGA. With the widespread use of sensors, the need for processing speed, low cost and high performance is strongly felt, which can cover these indicators well, considering the progress made in the FPGA platform in recent years and make it a suitable option for implementing complex and time-consuming encryption algorithms in the field of WSN.