Bioinformatic study of human genes expressionin multiple myeloma pathogenesis

Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a cancer that occurs due tothe accumulation of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in the bonemarrow. Mesenchymal stromal cells are among the cells thatplay an essential role in the progression of the disease. This disease,which is a clonal malignancy of B cells, can be recognizedby the abnormal increase of plasma cells in the bone marrowand extra medullary areas. About ۱۰% of hematological cancersin the world are related to multiple myeloma. Painful pathologicalfractures, hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and frequentbacterial infections are among the most common complicationsseen in these patients. This research was done with the aim offinding the hub genes involved in the pathogenesis of multiplemyeloma.Materials and Methods:GSE ۱۴۶۶۴۹ which is a microarraydata was extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Inthis research, ۳۱ samples of bone marrow mesenchymal stromalcells (MSC) from multiple myeloma (MM) patients and ۱۰healthy donors (HD) were used as controls. Differential ExpressionGenes (DEGs) were measured and categorized into TranscriptomeAnalysis Console (TAC) . DEGs between MSC-MMand MSC-HD samples were adjusted based on p-value (FDR)-<۰.۰۵ and |log۲ FC|>-۱.۵ .For protein-protein interaction (PPI)visualization, String, Cytoscape and Gephi were used respectively.Results: DEGs were obtained for ۵۴,۶۱۳ genes (۹۱۳ up-regulated,۴۱۹ down-regulated). Our research identified five hubgenes including: IL-۶ (interleukin ۶), CCND۱ (cyclin D۱),EZH۲ (enhancer of zeste ۲ polycomb repressive complex ۲subunit) , CDH۲ (cadherin ۲) and BDNF (brain derived neurotrophicfactor). the results of the KEGG pathway analysisrevealed that these genes were enriched in PI۳K-Akt signalingpathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complicationsand FoxO signaling pathway.Conclusion: The findings of this study may help to developnew targets for drug discovery and treatment of multiple myeloma.