Integrative analysis of miR-۲۱۴ in cancer:a bioinformatics approach

Background: miR-۲۱۴ function in any aspect of molecularbiological processes such as cellular metabolism, cell division,cell death, cell movement, intracellular signaling, and immunitywas discovered. So it has been suggested that microRNA-۲۱۴(miR-۲۱۴) probably is a valuable marker in cancer. This microRNA'scritical character has been proven in angiogenesis,hepatic gluconeogenesis, and immune tolerance of dendriticcells. It also has a function in the initiation, growth, and progressionof cancer and its expression patterns in many humanneoplasms, such as breast, cervical, rhabdomyosarcoma, andcell carcinoma.Materials and Methods: Using bioinformatics tools, we minednecessary information about miR-۲۱۴ and a list of polymorphismsthat alter the secondary structure of miR-۲۱۴ precursor.Finally, using system biology, we identified the top genesdownstream of miR-۲۱۴. To predict miR-۲۱۴ potential targetgenes, three databases, TargetScan http://www.targetscan.org/vert_۷۲/, miRdb http://mirdb.org/, and miRWalk http://mirwalk.umm.uni-heidelberg.de/ were implemented. To identifythe most significant genes and pathways associated with miR-۲۱۴ targeted genes, we used Cytoscape software version ۳.۷.۰.https://cytoscape.org/ and STRING database https://string-db.org/. To identify the most significant genes and pathways associatedwith miR-۲۱۴ targeted genes, we used Cytoscapesoftware version ۳.۷.۰. https://cytoscape.org/ and STRINGdatabase https://string-db.org/. Then To attain a more in-depthknowledge of these genes and also the pathways they were involvedin, we used gene ontology and KEGG databases.Results: Finally, BTRC, FBXL۲۰, FBXO۳۲, KCTD۷, CDC۲۳,ITCH, UBE۲H, UBE۴A, HECW۲, and TRIM۷۱ as the mostmiR-۲۱۴ targeted genes were obtained. From these top ۱۰genes, five genes BTRC, FBXL۲۰, FBXO۳۲, KCTD۷, andCDC۲۳ have the high score. Taken together, a miR-۲۱۴ familyparticipant in the critical situation in the functional process inthe different parts of the body and biological pathways such asmTOR, RAS, PI۳KLAKT, TGFB/SMAD, WNT, etc. This microRNAalso acts in the pathological processes of various humandiseases, like cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerativediseases, autoimmune diseases, and various types of cancer.Many investigations confirmed that miR-۲۱۴ could act adverselyas a tumor suppressor and oncogene in a wide range of cancer.Hence, a better understanding of its molecular mechanismof action can give a better insight into the disease's pathogenesisand make it a valuable marker in predicting, diagnosing,and prognosis of the disease. The importance of miR-۲۱۴ as a therapeutic aim is also under investigation.Conclusion: The data shows that these hub genes have a greatrole in the control of various biological processes such as thecontrol of gene expression, cell cycle, and biological processes,and finally shows why miR-۲۱۴ dysregulated act in cancer asan oncomiR.