Anticancer effect of Viola odorata plantextract on the malignant properties of colorectal cancer cells

Background: Cancer is a well-known disease in the wholeworld, which always causes fear and panic in people whenthey hear its name. Therefore, its treatment has been the focusof experts and researchers for many years. In recent years,with the increasing interest in using natural substances such asplant extracts as anticancer drugs, extensive studies have beenconducted on them. Viola odorata extract has been studied as atraditional herbal medicine against metastasis on some cancercells. The current study aimed to investigate and compare theeffects of Viola odorata extract on the malignant characterizationof colorectal cancer cell lines.Materials and Methods: FTIR and HPLC were used to identifycompounds and measure the ratio of chemical components(polyphenols and flavonoids) of Viola odorata extract. Twocolorectal cancer cell lines HT-۲۹ and SW۴۸۰ were used andthe effect of alcoholic extraction of Viola odorata on apoptosis,migration, cell viability, malignant characteristics and the abilityof colony formation in these cell lines were analyzed andcompared.Results: Viola odorata extract induced cell death in HT-۲۹ andSW۴۸۰ through apoptosis. Also, this extract indicated anticolonyformation, anti-migratory and it decreased cell viability.The anti-cancer activity of this extract was significantly higherin SW۴۸۰, specifically at high concentrations, and appears toact in a cell-dependent manner.Conclusion: Viola odorata extract exerted anticancer activityon both colorectal cancer cell lines. The anticancer activity ofthis extract was significantly higher in SW۴۸۰ compared toHT-۲۹, especially in high doses. Data show that Viola odorataextract acts on most cancer cells in a cell-dependent manner.