Optimal day-ahead scheduling of VPP considering demandresponse programs

This paper presents an economic framework for the virtual power plant (VPP) to participate in joint energy andregulation markets. Differnet electricity consumers and wind turbine are aggregated in the proposed VPP model. VPPpersuades its consumers to provide regulation reserve by signing incentive agreement. A scenario tree is applied tomodel uncertain parameters including energy and regulation prices, wind turbine (WT) production, regulation reservecalling probabilities and consumer behaviors. Two different case studies are presented to demonstrate robustness ofscheduling framework