Synthesis and investigation of biological activity of a magneticnanocomposite based on functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets by casein,Zn-Al LDH, and alginate hydrogel

Due to the increasing prevalence of diseases and their effects, the field of biomedicine,especially tissue engineering and wound healing, is a rapidly growing area of research [۱-۳].Researchers are adopting new strategies to promote wound healing, and nanomaterials are playingan increasingly important role in these efforts [۴-۵]. Regarding this, we fabricated a novelnanobiocomposite using graphene oxide (GO), casein, LDH (Zn-Al), sodium alginate, and Fe۳O۴magnetic nanoparticles. The GO was synthesized by a modified Hammer's method, and then itssurface was covalently functionalized with casein protein. The functionalized GO was thencombined with the as-synthesized LDH (Zn-Al). The composite was then conjugated with alginatehydrogel via the gelation process. Finally, the nanobiocomposite was magnetized by in-situmagnetization. The nanobiocomposte (GO/CS/LDH/Alg/Fe۳O۴) was fully characterized usingseveral techniques, including FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, and VSM. The cell viabilitymethod, hemolysis, and anti-biofilm assays were performed to explore the biological capability ofthe nanocomposite. The results of the MTT assay showed that the viability percentages of Hu۰۲cells treated with the nanocomposite after ۲۴, ۴۸, and ۷۲ hours of incubation were ۹۳.۰۸%,۹۱.۶۴%, and ۹۱.۱۹%, respectively. The hemolytic effect of the nanobiocomposite was ۳.۸۴%. Themeasured bacterial growth inhibition percentages of E. coli and S. aureus bacteria in the presenceof the nanobiocomposite were ۵۲.۱۸% and ۵۵.۷۲%, respectively. Overall, the results of this studydemonstrate that the novel nanocomposite has good biocompatibility and antibacterial andanticancer activity. It is a promising candidate for use in tissue engineering applications