Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: The In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Pattern in Addition to the Quantification of Phospholipase and Proteinase Enzymatic Activities
محل انتشار: میکروبیولوژی بالینی و عفونت، دوره: 9، شماره: 4
سال انتشار: 1401
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 54
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_JCMI-9-4_001
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 14 آذر 1402
چکیده مقاله:
Background: Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is a life-threatening fungal infection in human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and neoformans are
the causative agents that usually respond well to fluconazole and amphotericin B. However, resistance/
non-responding cryptococcal meningitis cases to fluconazole and amphotericin B have been reported
globally.
Methods: The causative Cryptococcus was identified by phenotypic and singleplex polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) targeting the putative sugar transporter (STR۱) gene. In addition, the phospholipase and
proteinase enzymatic activities of the isolates were determined by the plate method using egg yolk agar
and bovine serum albumin agar plates, respectively. Finally, the in-vitro minimal inhibitory concentration
(MIC) of fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B against isolated C. neoformans strains was
determined by the broth microdilution method.
Results: A total of ۵۰ C. neoformans strains were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected
patients, which were further identified as variety grubii by simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All
the isolated strains producing phospholipase and proteinase enzymes were determined by the calculation
of Pz, a ratio of colony diameter and diameter of colony plus the precipitation zone. A comparative high
proteinase enzyme activity was observed, and these strains produced medium to high phospholipase
(mean Pz ۰.۳۷۲۰ ± ۰.۰۸۲, range ۰.۲۳-۰.۵۶) and proteinase activity (Mean Pz ۰.۳۰۶۹ ± ۰.۰۸۶, range ۰.۰۱۲-
۰.۵۴). A varied antifungal MIC was detected, and voriconazole had the lowest MIC۵۰ and MIC۹۰ (۰.۰۳ &
۰.۰۶ μg/mL) in comparison to fluconazole and amphotericin B.
Conclusion: Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii is the commonest cause of cryptococcal
meningoencephalitis in HIV-infected patients. The isolates had varied extracellular hydrolytic enzyme
activities. The emergence of C. neoformans strains with higher fluconazole MIC (≥ ۴ mcg/mL) could have
resulted in treatment failure.
کلیدواژه ها:
نویسندگان
Munesh K Gupta
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
Ragini Tilak
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
Namrata Pal
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
Ashish Kumar Singh
Scientist C, MRHRU Datia, ICMR NIRTH Jabalpur, India