Evaluation of dermoscopic findings of longitudinal melanonychia in referred patients to dermatology clinics in Guilan, Iran

Introduction: Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) is a common clinical condition that is mostly identified by the presence of lon gitudinal, demarcated, and pigmented bands on the nail. Different benign or malignant pathologies can present with longitudinal melanonychia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the frequency of dermoscopic features of LM in patients with LM referred to der matology clinics in Guilan, Iran Iran. Materials and Methods: This case series study was conducted on ۳۰ patients with LM who were referred to Besat clinic and Razi hospital, Rasht, Iran, from March ۲۰۲۲ to August ۲۰۲۲ with a complaint of LM. Demographical data and dermoscopic findings of patients were collected and analyzed using SPSS version ۲۱. The LM and dermoscopic features were investigated using a dermatoscope (HEINE IC۱, HEINE Optotechnik, Germany Results: Out of ۳۰ patients, ۲۴ patients were female and ۶ patients were male with a mean age of ۳۰.۰۸ ۱۴.۳۱ years old. Among these patients, five patients had a family history of LM, one patient with melanoma had Hutchinson’s sign, and three patients had pseudo Hutchinson’s sign. The mean width of lesions of the nail was ۲.۴۲±۲.۱۲ mm with a mean time of onset of ۷.۴۲ ۷.۱۲ months. Also, the majority of the involved site of LM was hand (۲۶.۶%) Conclusion: According to our study, LM was more frequent in females and the trauma related lesions of the nail were the most common dermatological findings among the patients.