Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant di↵erentially expressed genes in bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection

In the cattle industry, the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most common pathogens which results in fever, diarrhea, leucopenia, reduction in milk yield and reproductive dysfunctions, concurrent infections, immunosuppression, and persistently infected (PI) cattle. The virus is a member of the Pestivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family . This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the complicated pathogenesis of this disease on a molecular basis using transcriptome analysis of cells infected with this virus. The primary objective was to investigate comparative transcriptome profiling of bovine kidney cell line (MDBK) cells infected at di↵erent time points using public repositories microarray and RNA-Seq datasets. The results showed that ۲۰۵۴, ۱۶۱, ۲۴۳۱, and ۱۵۶۲ di↵erentially expressed genes (DEGs) in di↵erent comparison groups MDBK cells infected with BVDV post ۰h (MBV۰h) vs. MBV۶h, MBV۶h vs. MBV۱۲h, MBV۱۲h vs. MBV۲۴h, MBV۲۴h vs. MBV۷۲h, respectively were identified based on fold change > ± ۱ and false discovery rate < ۰.۰۵. Among these genes, eight genes including HS۳ST۲, TIMP۳, MT۲A, SOSTDC۱, RGS۱۴, SPARC, ST۸SIA۴, and CALB۱ were identified as the common genes, of which five were underexpressed and three genes were overexpressed in di↵erent comparison groups of MDBK cells infected with BVDV during ۰ to ۷۲h. Consequently, the identification of disease-causing genes could contribute to a better understanding of the underlying genetic background and can be considered a starting point for further studies on mechanisms related to the host’s response to BVDV infection.