State-of-the-Art in the Applications of Shape Memory Alloys in theReinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints

Shape memory alloys (SMA) have attracted the attention of many researchers in various fields of application due to their unique properties of shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE). These materials have the ability for large inelastic deformations recovery after heating (SME) and stress removal (SE). The most prominent features of SMA materials are high energy dissipation capacity, hysteretic damping, excellent fatigue, high strain, and ability to recentering with negligible residual deformation. In recent years, structural engineers have also used these materials in the field of civil engineerings, such as the applications of SMAs in the repair, retrofitting, and rehabilitation of concrete structures, dampers, vibration isolation systems, vibration control, and prestressing members, etc. To overcome and reduce the potential seismic risk of structures, understanding the characteristics of SMAs materials under different loading conditions is one of the critical steps. Despite the various types of research carried out on the SMAs' structural applications, there was a need for a review of the progress of the current method in structures. To address it, a brief review of the applications of SMAs in Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam-column joints was conducted.