Predicting Suicidality and Addictions Among University Students Based on Adverse Childhood Experiences and Exposure to Family Members’ and Friends’ Suicide

Objective: This research aimed to predict suicidality and addiction (substance, alcohol, cigarette, psychoactive drugs) among university students based on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and exposure to the suicide of family members and or friends. Methods: The research method was cross-sectional. The statistical community included all students of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil City, Iran, in ۲۰۱۸. A sample of ۵۰۰ people was selected through convenience sampling method. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics indices, the Pearson correlation, and regression analysis in SPSS V. ۲۳. The study measures included depressive symptom-suicidality subscale, adverse childhood experiences, substance, alcohol, cigarette, psychoactive drugs abuse, and exposure to suicidal behavior.  Results: The findings show a significant correlation between ACEs and suicide, substance, alcohol, cigarette, psychoactive drugs abuse. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the person’s suicide and exposure to the suicide of a friend and or a family member. Exposure to friends’ suicide had a significant correlation with substance, alcohol, cigarette, and psychoactive drugs abuses, but there was no significant correlation between exposure to family members’ suicide and addictions. Moreover, in the predicting variables, findings showed that ACEs can predict both suicide (r=۰.۳۲۲) and addictions; cigarette smoking (r=۰.۲۴۴), alcohol consumption (r=۰.۲۱۶), substance abuse (r=۰.۱۸۰) and street drugs (r= ۰.۱۷۲). However, exposure to friends’ and family members’ suicide did not have this predicting power.  Conclusion: Adverse childhood experiences play an important part in suicidality and addiction, and we should prevent these experiences by working on the family.