The role of vitamin d in prevention and treatment HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted infection and a necessary etiological agent of cervical cancer. Persistence of HPV in cervical cells leads to structural changes in DNA and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes.Up to ۱۰% of women aged ≥۳۰ years are estimated to carry persistent HPV infections, and these women are considered at highest risk for the development of cervical cancer . In recent years, attention paid to micronutrients in gynecology has increased, especially regarding Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. That One of these micronutrients is vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency and its relationship with diseases have been an important public health problem that has been studied very much in recent years. Sufficient levels of vitamin D offer protection against certain infectious diseases, while suboptimal levels of vitamin D correlate with an increased risk and severity of disease.Our objective was to evaluate whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with cervical human papilloma virus (HPV) infection.Methods:This article reviews the literature published until ۲۰۱۳-۲۰۲۳ in Scopus and PubMed databases by using keywords [HPV DNA infection, vitamin D, ۲۵-dihydroxyvitamin-D,] in the title, abstract and keywords.Results: The main findings of this study showed that different results have been reported. Some studies did not find any relationship between the lack of vitamin D (with different markers) with the increase in the prevalence of HPV and the removal of warts, but some studies also found a significant relationship between the decrease in the serum level of vitamin D and the increase in HPV was observed. Serum vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with positive high-risk HPV infection of the cervix. The results showed that a high level of vitamin D is effective in the short-term durability of lesions. Also, direct injection of vitamin D in lesions has been effective.Conclusion:According to the contradictory findings of the studies, it is not possible to make a definite conclusion and it is suggested that more studies be conducted in this field.