Molecular characterization of Theileria parva parasites from South Sudan using the PCR-RFLP approach on antigen genes

In an attempt to characterize Theileria parva parasites circulating in South Sudan cattle , polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays were carried out using four single copy encoding antigen genes p۱۰۴, PIM, p۱۵۰ and p۶۷ in addition to one microsatellite MS۳۲۱. A total of ۲۰ bovine DNA samples from two locations in South Sudan were included in this study, in addition to two references strains, Muguga and Katete. A total of nine alleles were identified for the polymorphic immunodominant molecule (PIM) locus using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), against ۲ alleles each for the p۱۵۰ and p۱۰۴ loci, respectively. This confirms that differences in the polymorphic PIM genes alone could be used to characterize subdivisions in the T. parva populations in the field. On the other hand, ۴ alleles were identified for the MS۳۲۱ locus and ۲ alleles for the p۶۷ locus. The data indicate that the studied parasites are genetically closely related, mainly cattle derived and genetically quite distinct from the Muguga strain.