A detailed investigation and understanding of the effective factors inthe rapid increase in the cesarean rate in Iran

Caesarean section, also known as C-section or caesarean delivery, is the surgical procedure bywhich one or more babies are delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen, oftenperformed because vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk. Reasons for theoperation include obstructed labor, twin pregnancy, high blood pressure in the mother, breechbirth, shoulder presentation, and problems with the placenta or umbilical cord. A caesareandelivery may be performed based upon the shape of the mother's pelvis or history of a previousC-section. A trial of vaginal birth after C-section may be possible. The World HealthOrganization recommends that caesarean section be performed only when medicallynecessary. A C-section typically takes ۴۵ minutes to an hour. It may be done with a spinalblock, where the woman is awake, or under general anesthesia. A urinary catheter is used todrain the bladder, and the skin of the abdomen is then cleaned with an antiseptic. An incisionof about ۱۵ cm (۶ inches) is then typically made through the mother's lower abdomen. Theuterus is then opened with a second incision and the baby delivered. The incisions are thenstitched closed. A woman can typically begin breastfeeding as soon as she is out of theoperating room and awake. Often, several days are required in the hospital to recoversufficiently to return home. According to the recommendations of the World HealthOrganization, in no part of the world should the ratio of cesarean section be more than ۱۰-۱۵%of births. But unfortunately, the statistics published in most parts of the world are very differentfrom this ratio. Cesarean delivery increases the health risk of mothers, slows down therecovery process of mothers, and increases the relative risk of death in mothers. Some sourcesbelieve that most caesarean sections are unnecessary. Worldwide, the caesarean section ratehas increased from ۶.۷% in ۱۹۹۰ to ۱۹.۱% in ۲۰۱۴, which represents a growth of ۱۲.۴%. Thecesarean rate in developing countries has grown by ۱۴.۶% and in developed countries by۱۲.۷%. Also, the cesarean rate in the United States has increased from ۲۰.۷% in ۱۹۹۶ to ۳۲.۸%in ۲۰۱۱. In Iran, the caesarean section rate has increased from ۱۶% in ۱۳۶۴ to ۶۰% in ۱۳۹۲.The current cesarean rate, except for less developed countries, is continuously increasing andis higher than the medically justifiable amount. The steep and inappropriate increase in therate of cesarean section indicates a health problem in Iran and requires the attention of theauthorities. Since there are several underlying factors in the need for cesarean delivery, variousstrategies including mother-friendly hospitals, development of standard protocols, preparationclasses for mothers, midwives and gynecologists, training workshops for specialists andmidwives should be implemented to prevent unnecessary use. Use this method.