Biofabrication of gold and silver nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications

Biofabrication by using fungi is an exciting recent interest to develop an eco-friendly production of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) for pharmaceutical applications. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize gold (Au) and silver (Ag) NPs by using Penicillium simplisimum. The fungus was grown in fluid czapek dox broth on shaker at ۲۸ ºC and ۲۰۰ rpm for ten days. Then the supernatant was separated from the mycelia to convert HAuCl۴ and AgNO۳ solution into Au and Ag NPs separately. After ۲۴ hours, synthesized Au and Ag NPs were characterized by using UV-Visible Spectroscopy as well as Photon Correlation spectroscopy (PCS) involves Polydispersity Index (PDI) and zeta potential. The UV-Visible Spectroscopy analysis revealed a plasmon bond peak around ۵۳۳ nm and ۴۰۰ nm suggesting formation of Au and Ag NPs, respectively. Furthermore, the PCS analysis showed an average diameter of ۶۸ nm and ۷۶ nm with PDI value of ۰.۲ and ۰.۲۳ for Au and Ag NPs, successively, which demonstrated that the nanoparticles formed with fairly well-defined dimensions and good monodispersity. Besides, a negative zeta potential were found for nanoparticles indicating their stability in the solution. The current approach suggests that the rapid synthesis of nanoparticles would be suitable for developing a green process for mass scale production. Besides, we believe that development of eco-friendly process for the formulation of metallic NPs is an important step in the field of application of nanotechnology and its optimization may make it a potential procedure for industrial production of NPs.