Effect of Eucalyptus camaldolensis allelopathy onMalva sylvestris Physiological Parameters

The use of allelochemicals as natural herbicides is a new strategy to mitigate the harmfuleffects of chemical herbicides on the environment and to prevent weed resistance tothem. In this study, the allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus camaldolensis leaves androots on Festuca ovina was tested in greenhouse conditions in ۲۰۰۸ at the ResearchInstitute of Forests and Rangelands. This study was conducted as a completelyrandom design with three repetitions and the means were comparing using Duncan'stest at the level of ۰.۰۵. The greenhouse stage treatments included the control groupand various quantities/doses of dried leaf powder (۵, ۱۰, ۱۵ grams), fresh leaf powder(۵, ۱۰, ۲۰ grams), ethanolic extract of leaves (۳, ۶, ۱۲ grams per liter), aqueous extractof dry leaves (at ۵%, ۱۰%, and ۱۵% concentrations), aqueous extract of fresh leaves(۱۰% and ۲۰% concentrations), and root secretions. The ethanolic extract of dryleaves (۳, ۶, ۱۲ g/liter) was sprayed on the leaves of some pots. This study measureddissolved sugar levels, the number, length, and width of stomata on the underside ofthe leaf, as well as the leaf's upperside. The results from the greenhouse stageindicated that the ethanolic extract had the most inhibitory effect on all the measuredtraits. Both the fresh and dry leaf aqueous extracts also showed an inhibitory effect,with a corresponding decrease in the measured parameters. The fresh and dry leafpowders served as a covering layer and effectively prevented moisture from escaping.We also studied the impact of root secretions on one-year-old eucalyptus seedlingsin pots, and in this instance, the secretions completely prevented seed germination.