A Model for Explaining the Quality of Life based on Attachment Styles with the Mediating Role of Primary Maladaptive Schemas in Adolescents

Background and purpose: Adolescence and the quality of life related to this period are especially important in playing their role in adulthood in the society, and various factors play a role in predicting the quality of life in this stage. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to explain the quality of life based on attachment styles with the mediating role of primary maladaptive schemas in adolescents. Materials and methods: The statistical population of the research included all male students aged ۱۵-۱۸ in Tehran in the academic year ۲۰۲۱-۲۲. ۱۷۱ of them were selected as the final sample using the available sampling method. The research tools included: The Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (SQ-SF), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL–BREF) (۱۹۹۶) and Collins and Read Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) (۱۹۹۰). In order to analyze the data, Pearson's correlation test was used with SPSS-۲۶ software and structural equation method was used with Amoss statistical software. Findings: The findings showed that there is a negative relationship between primary maladaptive schemas and dimensions of quality of life and secure attachment. Also, there is a negative relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment with the dimensions of quality of life. At the same time, there is a positive relationship between quality of life and secure attachment. Also, the results of the present study showed that primary maladaptive schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between quality of life and attachment styles. Conclusion: The results confirmed the significant relationship among attachment styles, early maladaptive schemas and quality of life. Also, primary maladaptive schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and quality of life of adolescents. Therefore, suitable training courses are suggested to be held for teenagers in schools regarding the factors affecting the quality of life and its improvement, as well as for parents, especially with emphasis on the role of primary maladaptive schemas and attachment styles in the context of parenting, changing incorrect patterns, creating intimacy in the family and better interaction.