Foam Nanocomposite Based on Alginate/Gelatin/Zeolite for Wound Dressing: In Vitro Study

Simultaneous biocompatibility and healthy cellular activity enable proper tissue regeneration. This can be resulted by the smart selection of platforms among bewildering arrays of structural possibilities with various porosity properties (ie, pore size, pore connectivity, etc). Zeolite is a type of microporous tectosilicate known among other porous structures that may be able to offer a biological microenvironment in tissue engineering applications. Zeolite has also shown special promise as a wound dressing and in scaffolds targeted toward bone and teeth. Alginate, a type of polysaccharide that is naturally generated, is frequently used in medication administration, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and wound care. It is frequently utilized in contemporary wound dressings because to its great biological compatibility, low toxicity, and capacity to absorb a significant amount of exudate. Numerous studies suggest that the use of nanoparticles can improve alginate used for wound care by showing additional qualities helpful in the healing process. Composite dressings made of alginate and antibacterial inorganic nanoparticles are among the materials that have been researched the most. In this article, alginate/gelatin/zeolite (AGZ) composite foams were fabricated by lyophilisation technique for promoting partial thickness wound healing. The optimized foam with ۱۰% (w/w) of zeolite demonstrated pore size in the range of ۱۰–۳۵۰ m. Cell viability of the MTT assay for the optimal zeolite, it was ۹۷.۰۴%. which shows the non-toxicity of the foam sample containing zeolite.The results showed that the hydrodynamic diameter of zeolites was ۳۶۷ ± ۰.۲ nm. The hydrogel nanocomposite containing zeolite had adequate swelling as well as hem compatibility, and no cytotoxicity was noticed. Zeolites demonstrate any substantial antibacterial action. These findings revealed that the incorporation of zeolites induce a significant beneficial effect in comparison with Alg/Gel foam, using zeolite capacity in foam for loading the antibiotics or other effective compounds can be considered a promising wound dressing. Agar disc diffusion tests verified the antibacterial role and further supported that bacterial lysis was due to zeolite released from the core of foam embedded in the alginate/gelatin matrix. We can conclude that the materials chosen for the manufactured foam dressings actively promoted healing.