Fast Healing of Skin Wound in Diabetic Rats Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord and Adipose Tissue

Background and objective: Diabetic wound repair is one of the main challenges for patients with diabetes. In recent research, stem cells have created a new perspective for repairing these wounds in cell therapy. Of course, the results and findings of these cells are also associated with challenges. The purpose of this research is the effect of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose cells and Wharton's jelly umbilical cord in the healing process of diabetic animal wounds.Methods: In this study, which was conducted on animal samples, MSCs were isolated from adipose cells and Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord. Stem cells derived from adipose in the form of hydrogel and stem cells derived from Wharton's jelly umbilical cord were investigated by injection. The hydrogel used was made by the enzyme transglutaminase. Also, the differentiation of cells and the expression of MSC markers were also investigated. Rat with diabetes were divided into three control groups, the test group treated with mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue, and the test group treated with mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's jelly umbilical cord. Also, rat were imaged and evaluated on days ۰, ۷, ۱۴ and ۲۱. Next, the data were analyzed using t-test, independent t, and one-way ANOVA.Results: First, the desired health and quality of the cells was ensured. According to the results observed in the control group, the area of the wound surface on the ۱۴th day compared to the ۷th day was not significantly different, but on the ۲۱st day compared to the ۱۴th day, a decrease in the wound surface was observed. However, in the treatment method of using hydrogel containing mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose, as well as in the method of injecting mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's jelly umbilical cord, biometric measurement of the wound showed that the thickness and density of the skin can be increased on days ۷, ۱۴ and ۲۱, has been noticed and the wound surface has been significantly reduced.Conclusion: The results of this research showed that mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue that are mounted on gelatin hydrogel and transferred to the wound area. Also intradermal injection of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly of human umbilical cord can effectively They significantly accelerate the healing of diabetic wounds in an animal model.