An overview of male infertility and factors affecting it

Infertility is a major health issue and a social destabilizing condition for couples, which often causes marital dissonance. Infertility refers to a person's biological inability to help conceive during a year of unprotected intercourse. Several factors such as anatomic, physiological, environmental, lifestyle and genetics contribute to infertility.Male infertility can be diagnosed with a variety of instruments, e.g. physical examination, semen analysis, testicular biopsy, hormone tests, urine tests, immune seed testing, sperm chromatin and abnormal deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] assay, chromosome studies.There are a variety of treatment options for male infertility including hormonal, medicinal, non-medicinal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory therapy, surgery, assisted reproductive technologies [ARTs], combination and herbal supplements with lifestyle changes.Known cause infertility has a high treatment success rate, which varies depending on age, accurate diagnosis and effective treatment along with joint decision-making that can facilitate the achievement of fertility goals. Therefore, this review summarizes classification, causes and diagnosis with male infertility treatment methods