The Relationship Between Pregnancy, Obesity, Anxiety, and Preterm Birth: A Review of Recent Scientific Literature

Background: Maternal obesity during pregnancy is a significant public health concern with potential implications for maternal and fetal well-being. Anxiety has been proposed as a contributing factor to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth. This abstract investigates the association between pregnancy, obesity, anxiety, and preterm birth based on recent scientific literature.Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified relevant articles published within the last five years. Studies examining the relationship between maternal obesity, anxiety levels, and preterm birth incidence were included in the analysis.Results: Reviewed studies consistently demonstrated a significant correlation between maternal obesity, elevated anxiety levels, and an increased risk of preterm birth. Obese pregnant women with higher anxiety scores had a higher likelihood of preterm delivery compared to non-obese women with lower anxiety levels. Preterm birth rates were disproportionately higher in obese pregnant women experiencing severe anxiety during pregnancy.Conclusion: Recent scientific literature suggests that maternal obesity and anxiety may jointly contribute to an increased risk of preterm birth. Early identification and appropriate interventions are essential to optimize pregnancy outcomes in this vulnerable population. Healthcare providers should consider multidisciplinary approaches, including prenatal care, mental health support, and weight management programs, to address these risk factors and improve maternal and neonatal health.