Development of a Simple and Cost Effective Modified-Sonochemical Method for the Synthesis of HydroxyapatiteNanoparticles

Hydroxyapatite is frequently used as a promising biomaterial for the treatment of bone defects asa result of its chemical and crystallographic similarities with the main inorganic component ofnatural bone. There are different factors during the synthesis process responsible for the finalcharacteristics of apatite such as molar ratio of Ca/P, synthesis temperature, pH reaction mixture,adding the reagent, calcination time. In this paper, using a modified-sonochemical technique theincreasing calcining temperature and decreasing reaction time, particle size of hydroxyapatitenanoparticles significantly reduced compared to that of conventional sonochemical technique.Diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution with distilled water, hydrated calcium nitrate solutionwith ethanol was used as a synthesis precursor and the ratio of Ca/ P was fixed at ۱.۶۷. Theobtained results indicate that the reaction process completed in less than ۱.۵ h using an optimumsintering temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated hydroxyapatite crystalliteswas in the range of ۲۵ nm with increasing sintering temperature up to ۷۰۰ °C. Microscopicanalysis (FESEM) showed that the final morphology of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles wasspherical, in which the particle size was in accordance with the calculated data from XRDanalysis.