Umbilical cord blood stem cells and disease treatment

Stem cells refer to those cells of the body that are not yet differentiated and have the power of self-replication and have the ability to differentiate and transform into other types of body cells. Hematopoietic stem cells with self-renewal capability Differentiation to all blood groups is very important Immunity, tissue function and blood homeostasis throughout life they become living beings In the last decade, stem cells have been used in the treatment of many degenerative diseases due to their unique characteristics, including renewability and high proliferative capacity. Stem cells are the basic support of body tissues of multicellular organisms. These cells cause blood, bone, gametes, epithelial tissue, nervous system, muscle and other body tissues to be replaced by new cells during the life cycle. Wharton jelly mesenchymal cells of the umbilical cord have been the focus of many researchers in recent years. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells express mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. In the definition of stem cells, two indicators should be taken into account: these cells have the ability to self-renew, which means that they are able to perform mitotic divisions in order to maintain their population, and they can also differentiate into different cells. These two features have made them suitable candidates for use in the clinic. There are mainly two types of stem cells in mammals. Embryonic stem cells that are separated from the internal cell mass of the blastocyst and mature stem cells that exist among mature tissues and are actually considered as the body's repair system. In the developing embryo, stem cells are able to differentiate into all types of specialized cells derived from the three main germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm). The resulting cells can renew and replace renewable organs such as blood, skin and digestive tissues. Adult stem cells are widely used in medicine. For example, bone marrow has stem cells with the ability to multiply and differentiate into specific types of cells similar to different tissues of the body, such as muscle and nerve.