Non-homogeneous connection of Crossing part made of Hadfield steelto a rail part made of R۲۶۰ steel

The presence of gaps and discontinuities in railway lines has always created problems interms of safety and ease of transportation, so that it is practically impossible to increasethe speed of traffic on such lines. Most of the rail accidents happen in the area of theturnouts where the train changes from one line to another. Rail turnouts are made ofabout ۱۵۰ types of pieces, among which the Crossing part, which is also known as theheart of the turnout, is of great importance. The monobloc Crossing part is made bycasting method and made of high manganese or Hadfield steel, which should have acompletely austenitic structure. Considering that at temperatures above ۲۵۰ degreesCelsius, grain boundary carbides are formed in the microstructure of this part, welding ofthis part requires special arrangements and equipment. Also, on the other side of thisconnection (welding), the rail is made of R۲۶۰ carbon steel with a completely perlitestructure, which must be welded using preheated and high temperature operations. Due tothe fact that the materials of these parts are completely different, this connection isconsidered to be in the category of non-homogeneous welding and the welding isinspired by the narrow gap welding method, according to the welding geometry. Thepresent research investigates and studies the properties of this connection according toEN ۱۴۵۸۷-۳ standard.