A critical review of thermal comfort studies: Identifying gaps and challenges

Thermal comfort is an essential aspect of human health, especially in the context of urban environments subject to rapid climate change. This article presents a comprehensive overview of thermal comfort research, focusing on key factors primarily related to solar radiation, including sky view factor (SVF) and shading effects as thermal comfort measurement methods.The analysis reveals several gaps and challenges in the current research landscape. Chief among these challenges is economic disparity that hinders access to air conditioning solutions for economically disadvantaged populations, thereby exacerbating environmental discomfort. Furthermore, the paper delves into the behavioral aspects of thermal comfort, considering the dynamic response of individuals to different climatic conditions, requiring a deeper understanding to design measures of effective intervention. Another important aspect explored is the influence of climate zones on thermal comfort. While much research has focused on warm climates, there is a notable lack of research on thermal comfort in colder regions, highlighting an important gap in the literature. Additionally, age- and sex-related differences in thermal comfort response are also addressed, highlighting the importance of tailored approaches for different demographic groups.The main goal of this article is to shed light on these important gaps and challenges in thermal comfort research. The current study’s method includes a thorough review of existing literature, synthesis of findings, and critical analysis. The conclusion emphasizes the urgent need for further research and investigation in these identified areas to develop comprehensive strategies and policies to improve thermal comfort, especially in urban environments that are facing climate-related challenges. This article contributes to the development of knowledge in this field and serves as a call to action for future research efforts.