A Spiritual and Moral Pursuit of Russian Literature in the ۱۹th Century (Axiological Aspect of Literary Research)

The study of the axiological problems in literary studies is a fundamental direction of modern Russian Philology. In this paper, we will first conside, the search process for the orientations of values of Russian writers of the classical period of Russian literature in the ۱۹th century; and second, the spiritual themselves foundations as ideological constants of the writers. The pursuit of Russian writers for a worldview, the appeal to universal categories of life, the aspiration to comprehend their laws and to apply them to the Russian reality defined the specifics of the Russian mentality and gave the world magnificent examples of the literary creativity based on absolute moral values.