Effects of Thirty-Day Exposure of Quails (Coturnix Coturnix) to Formalin Vapor on Biochemical, Immunological, and Histological Features of Liver and Kidney
سال انتشار: 1402
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 18
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شناسه ملی سند علمی:
JR_PJMT-12-4_002
تاریخ نمایه سازی: 18 اردیبهشت 1403
چکیده مقاله:
Background: Formalin is a highly toxic chemical that causes tissue damage. Formalin is metabolized by the liver and erythrocytes and excreted via the urinary and digestive tracts. This passage may propose toxicity in these systems. Thus, the current study was conducted to examine serological, and histological changes in the kidney and liver of formalin-vapor-exposed quails (FVEQs) (Coturnix coturnix) to promote awareness of formalin toxicity in the farms of Japanese quails.Methods: The study included the recruitment of ۱۶ adult quails divided into four equal groups; control group (no formalin exposure), FVEQ۱ group (exposed to formalin for ۱۰ days), FVEQ۲ (exposed to formalin for ۲۰ days), and FVEQ۳ (exposed to formalin for ۳۰ days). All FVEQs were exposed to formalin vapor twice daily (morning and evening, ۲hrs/each). Each group was reared in a separate airtight chamber during the experiment time (۱۰, ۲۰, or ۳۰ days). blood samples for renal and liver, IgG levels, and histopathological features were examined.Results: The findings showed significant (p<۰.۰۵) increases in the levels of blood creatinine, urea, and uric acid in the FVEQ groups. Liver enzymes, ALP, ALT, and AST revealed significant (p<۰.۰۵) increases in the FVEQ groups. FVEQ۱ group recorded significantly (p<۰.۰۵) the highest IgG level after ۱۰ days of formalin exposure, which significantly (p<۰.۰۵) decreased after ۱۰ days without formalin exposure, and immunity was slightly restored. The histopathological characteristics of the kidney were increases in the thickness of renal corpuscles, glomeruli, and the Henle loop of the medullary cone. For the liver, the findings showed increases in the parenchymal aggregation of lymphoid cells. There were amyloid depositions in hepatocyte spaces, which were squeezed and atrophied, creating intercellular gaps and reducing cell compactness.Conclusion: The inhalation of formalin vapor may damage the kidney and liver tissues and eventually their functioning in formalin-exposed quails.
نویسندگان
Eman Albaghdady
Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq.
Eman Al Hachem
Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq.
Abdulrazzaq Kadhim
Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq.
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