Curcumin and their derivatives with anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities: A review

This review explores the various therapeutic properties of curcumin, derived from turmeric. Curcumin has demonstrated its potential in anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, and antimicrobial applications. It interacts with numerous proteins to combat inflammation and chronic diseases, such as arthritis. In terms of neuroprotection, it helps maintain the blood-brain barrier, reduces oxidative stress, and suppresses inflammation, offering hope for conditions like ischemia. For its anticancer effects, especially in nanoform, curcumin showcases its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities. It inhibits cell proliferation, and invasion, and promotes apoptosis and autophagy. In the antimicrobial realm, curcumin effectively combats bacteria and viruses by disrupting their membranes, quorum sensing systems, and various mechanisms. In conclusion, curcumin's multifaceted properties make it a versatile therapeutic agent with potential in various health applications, including the use of micro or nanoformulations. Extensive research continues to uncover its full capabilities and benefits.