Anovel paclitaxel loaded noisome: preparation, characterization and cytotoxicity assessment against human prostate cancer

Regarding that prostate cancer is the most common form of cancer in men and is the second leading cause of cancer mortality, Paclitaxel, as a chemotherapeutic agent with a wide spectrum of antitumoractivity, could be utilized in treatment of this malignancy. Paclitaxel side effects are severe hypersensitivity reactions, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Today’s decline of side effects and increase in efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by applying nanotechnology in medicine is the target of scientists. iosomes or non-ionic surfactant vesicles are of paramount importance as delivery systems. Our present work investigated the efficiency of encapsulation of Paclitaxel in niosome as a novel vesicular drug delivery system and cytotoxic effects on prostate cancer cell line. In this experimental study, Paclitaxel-loaded niosome was prepared by the thin film hydration method. Dynamic light scattering and UV-V spectrophotometry were applied to evaluate the quality of the nanoniosomes including encapsulation efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index and zeta- potential measurements. Finally, MTT assay were utilized to specify anticancer activity of nanocarriers to PC3 human Paclitaxel in the niosomal formulation was encapsulated with a high entrapment efficiency of 99.4%. The polydispersity index, average diameter and zeta potentials of niosome prepared were determined to be 0.203, 119.7 nm and -4, respectively. The Paclitaxel optimized formula displayed significantly greater cytotoxic activity with PC3 prostate cancer cell line in comparison free Paclitaxel. Our results attained successful formulation of Paclitaxel niosomal thus demonstrating that nanoparticle-based formulation of Paclitaxel has high potential as an adjuvant therapy for clinical usage in prostate cancer