Clustering for Reduction of Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks by AHP Method

Due to the type of applications, wireless sensor nodes must always be energy efficient and small. Hence, some studies have been done in order to reduce energy consumption. One of the most important operations of wireless sensor networks is data collection. Due to the energy limitation of nodes, energy efficiency must be considered as an important objective in the design of sensor networks. In this study, we present a method in which nodes, in the first phase, find their position by using the position of the base station and two assumed nodes out of the environment where their geographical locations are known. In the second phase, we determine the cluster heads based on the criteria such as the remaining energy, the distance (the distance from the cluster head and the distance from the base station), the number of neighbors (the one-step neighbors and the two-step neighbors) and the centrality by using the multi- criteria decision making method. The proposed method in the NS2 environment is implemented and its effect is evaluated as well as compared with the NEECP E-LEACH protocols. Simulation results show that the proposed method improves the energy consumption, the network life span, the average packet delivery and the average delay.