Mechanical and Biological Properties of Mg-Al-Graphene Nanocomposite for Bone Regeneration Application

Background and Aim: Millions of people suffer from bone diseases inthe world. In recent years, implants have been developed to repair bonefractures. While the primary implants used in the human body were nondegradable,the secondary surgery led to research on implants with goodmechanical and biological properties. The aim of this study is magnesiumand its alloys be applied as degradable metallic materials in orthopedicimplants due to their degradability and resemblance to human corticalbone.Methods: Magnesium (Mg) is naturally present in bone composition, andit is one of the required metals for metabolism. However the fundamentalproblem of Mg-based implants is their low corrosion resistance and weak mechanical properties. In this study, we introduced a new approach tocontrol the corrosion rate of magnesium. So in this method, Mg–1Al-0.5Cu-xGraphene (x=0.18, 0.5) nanocomposites were synthesized usingthe powder metallurgy method. Also this novel nano processing routeis better than other methods that produces heat which is a big problemwhen dealing with magnesium.Results: The best content of Graphene was 0.18 wt.% for thisnanocomosite. Compression properties of Mg-1Al-0.5Cu-0.18 Geraphenincreased compare with alloy of magnesium. Corrosion rate ofsynthesized nanocomposites proved to be better than pure magnesiumand the rate of degration same to repair of human cortical bone.Conclusion: In this paper the novel nanocomposite of magnesium wasfabricated via powder metallurgy. Addition of geraphene improvedthe mechanical properties and corrosion rate of Mg-1Al-0.5Cu-0.18Geraphene nanocomposite. Also aluminium and copper prevented toagglomeration of geraphene. So Mg-1.0Al-0.5Geraphen nanocomposieswith a controllable biological, mechanical properties and corrosion rateis suitable for damaged bone tissue and leads to stimulation, repair andreconstruction of bone tissue.