Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Glycol/ Dextrane Methacrylate / Maleic Acid Copolymer as a Biological Scaffold

Abstract Introduction: The use of membranes and transplant materials as scaffolds in periodontal regenerative surgeries is gaining an increasing application for restoring the structure and function of lost tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of PEG/MA (Polyethylene glycol/Maleic Acid) copolymer as a bioscaffold. Methods: In this experimental laboratory study, a hydrogel scaffold was first manufactured of PEG/MA copolymer. Different hydrogel concentrations were prepared using visible light through changing concentrations of C2/1, c1/1 and C1/2 (C ⅟2, C ⅟1 and C2/1) of PEG/MA copolymer to those of dex-METH (dextran-methacrylate). Then, 57 samples were selected, 27 and 30 of which were related to degradation rate and solidification tests, respectively. The samples were examined in three triplet groups within three time periods to test the degradation rate. Five quintuplet groups were also classified to measure the tensile and compressive strengths using a microtensile device. Data were analyzed by one-way/two-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Both the concentration of PEG/MA copolymer (P<0.007) and sample incubation duration (P<0.001) affected sample degradation rates, with C 2/1 group yielding the lowest degradation rate. Furthermore, mean values of tensile strength (P <0.04) and compressive strength (P< 0.001) were significantly different among the three groups.  Conclusion: A change in the proportion of the copolymer ingredients can affect the mechanical properties and destruction rate of the substance. Due to slow degradation rate and high tensile strength, a concentration of 1/2 is more appropriate to be used as a membrane for covering bone loss.