Evaluate the Association between Cardiovascular Risk Factors And The Presentation Of Acute Coronary Syndrome In Mashhad

Background and Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common causes of death in the world, which acute coronary syndrome (ACS) accounts for about half of this death in future years. Cardiovascular risk factors contain age, sex, hypertension and smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the manifestations of ACS. Materials and Method: This study was done in the first six months of 2014 in hospitals of Mashhad Islamic Azad University (Aria, Farabi and 17Shahrivar). A total of 100 patients were non-randomly selected and studied. These patients were classified into three groups of NSTEMI, STEMI, and UA according to their type of ACS manifestation. A list of some factors considering age, sex, high blood pressure (SBP> 140 or DBP> 90 or a history of blood hypertension diagnosed by a specialist who is being treated with anti-hypertensive drugs), diabetes mellitus (FBS≥126mg/dl or a history of diabetes diagnosed by an expert who is under medical care), dyslipidemia (LDL> 160mg/dl and HDL<40mg/dl in men and HDL<50mg/dl in women), family history of coronary heart disease, smoking (more than 10 cigarettes per day) and BMI (over 30) were recorded in all patients and additional costs did not impose on patients. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 18 software and Excel. Khi2 and Fisher s test were used for analyzing data. The significance level was considered less than 0.05. Findings: The most common risk factors Among 100 patients with average 62.5±11.4 was high blood pressure. The frequency of each risk factor in UA, NSTEMI and STEMI groups respectively evaluated as mentioned in parentheses below. We did not found any significant association between hypertension (63.1%, 88.9%, 46.2%, p=0.0605), family heart disease history (24.6%, 11.1%, 23.1%, p=0.464), obesity (26.2%, 11.1%, 23.1%, p=0.383), high LDL (6.2%, 0%, 0%, p=0.173), low HDL (41.5%, 44.4%, 50%, p=0.763), dyslipidemia (38.5%, 33.3%, 42.3%, p=0.902), diabetes mellitus (35.4%, 33.3%, 42.3%, p=0.803), smoking (20%, 11.1%, 23.1%, p=0.741), gender (52.4%, 88.9%, 57.7%, p=0.115) and age above 65 years (35.4%, 33.3%, 50%, p=0.406) and various manifestations of ACS in our study. Conclusion: According to the results, no significant association was found between cardiovascular risk factors and presentation of ACS. Future studies can prove these associations with larger sample size.