1-g Shaking Table Model Test on Liquefaction-induced Lateral Spreading and Its Effects on Single Piles

Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading has imposed severe damages to many important structures supported on pile foundations including bridges, port structures and buildings during past earthquakes. Evaluation of pile response to lateral spreading is an important step toward safe and resistant design of pile foundations against this destructive phenomenon. This paper aims to study the mechanisms of liquefaction-induced lateral spreading and the response of single piles subjected to it using 1-g shake table physical modeling. Firstly general test results including time-histories of accelerations, pore water pressures, displacements and bending moments are shown and discussed. Then two main concepts affecting the lateral soil pressures on piles, shadow and neighboring effects, are introduced. The results show that lateral soil pressures exerted from the laterally spreading ground vary in the individual pile of a group both in transverse and longitudinal directions depending on the pile position within the group