The effect of various plant growth regulators treatment and explants on in vitro culture of Quercus brantii var.persica

Persian oak tree has a lot of medicinal, food and industrial uses. The bark and leaves of the oak tree contain tannin, sugar, gallic acid, malic acid, quercin, pectin, mucilage, resin and oil also has many applicable in the pharmaceutical industries. Irregular cutting down, frequent fires, pests and diseases are the most important disasters that threatens oak forests. Reproduction of this species is currently carried out only through seeding which is not enough to maintain the current forest condition. Non-sexual oak propagation can provide a guarantee of survival and economic exploitation. In order to propagate non-sexual Persian oak, spring branches and also embryos transferred to MS and WPM medium to reach the best medium and method to sterilize and propagation. Various concentration of Sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol and mercury chloride had tested and the rate of infection and phenolic discharge was recorded. Then different treatments of active coal, PVP, darkness and cold was tested for study about the amount of callusing and phenolic discharges. Germination, callusing, phenolic discharge, death rate and vitrification studied by different concentration of BAP، GA3، IAA، NAA, TDZ and different amount of sucrose. According to the results, the best treatments for micro propagation of Persian oak involved sterilized by twine20 and water, 5% sodium hypochlorite for seed shell, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 0.01 % mercury chloride for cotyledon, twine20 and water, 5% sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol and 0.01 % mercury chloride for shoot meristem. Also the best results for sucrose was obtained at 20 gr/l. The best treatment for germination were observed at the 2 milligram BAP and TDZ. The most effective treatment to reduce callusing and phenolization was obtained when the explant stored immediately after culture for one week in darkness and at 4 ° C. However, maintaining the explant for two weeks in darkness at 4 ° C caused the highest phenolization rate. The best result of rooting was obtained at a concentration of 0.5 mg IBA. After rooting stage, explant transferred to the coco peat and perlite and successfully adapted.