On-a-chip Platforms in Toxicology Studies: Current Status and Future Approaches

On-a-chip microfluidic platforms, the most similarity to real microenvironment of cells in the body, make a comparable atmosphere of micro-bio-systems and serve as state-of-the-art technology today. How toxicologists make profit from this overtaking precession, which comply comprehensive understanding of cellular molecular pathways by mimicking the most precise aspects of end-organ response, to select and replace classic toxicity models determinate the magnum opus of toxicology recruitment of this shifted paradigm. Offering the most complete coverage of cell, tissue and even organ cross-talk by organoids and more even multi-organ interactions with each other in microfluidic systems which make possible system toxicology assessment and can be evolve to body-on- a-chip platforms, it can be consider as the most functional alternative to classic toxicity studies. To evaluate such a much-needed alignment first we delineate the status of on-chip studies by scrutinizing all specific toxicology journals by the impact factor equal or greater than two, from first publication date to 20th of September 2019 for on-a-chip and microfluidic . Moreover, we looked for spheroid and organoid as the most in hand tools in microfluidics. The achieved results were expressive about the lag of toxicology infrastructures from this rapidly progressive multifunctional technology. Among all 106 journals by the scope of toxicology we perused, just sixty met our criteria of eligibility. Totally 496, 442, 207, and 1097 subjects were found for on-a-chip , microfluidic, organoid and spheroid, respectively, which only 19.76%, 19.46%, 20.29% and 19.23%, respectively contributed to the top journals of toxicology by impact factor four to six. The results indicated toxicologists dropped behind on-a-chip microfluidic technology and have not been prosperous nevertheless in use of spheroids as the initial steps. Following cause navigation, the lack of knowledge about relative tools and their benefits are the critical factors. Therefore, acquaint researchers in toxicology field are a necessity of today’s this novel technology. Hence, in this research we introduce the microfluidic technology making chips as an alive-smart foundation for physio-pharmacotoxicology studies and then bring forward the most applicable on-a-chip tools specific for different Omics technologies in toxicology in special nerve, heart, liver, kidney and lung on-a- chip models.